各位老师和同学:
大家好!
2021年10月19日(星期二),周强老师邀请了清华大学深圳国际研究生院的Dr. Tatsuhisa Tsuboi到访我院并进行讲座,欢迎大家参加!
嘉 宾:Dr. Tatsuhisa Tsuboi
主 题:Mitochondrial size and morphology regulate the localization of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial mRNAs to maintain protein synthesis upon environmental fluctuations
时 间:2021年10月19日(星期二)10:30-11:30
地 点:F东101
邀 请 人:周强
讲座摘要:
Mitochondria are hubs for metabolism and energy generation and have been shown to be involved in aging, cancer, and neurodegeneration, yet the mechanism of localized translation to mitochondria and the impact this has on mitochondrial function is poorly understood. We proposed a novel mechanism of gene expression control where condition-dependent mRNA localization of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes, regulated by translation elongation and the geometric constraints of the cell. This is the first instance of mitochondrial geometric constraints controlling gene expression, as we showed that enhanced localization during respiratory conditions could be explained by the increasing mitochondrial fraction, which increased the probability of mRNA interaction with the mitochondria. This relationship holds across nutrient, genetic, and pharmacological perturbations that affect mitochondria in highly varied ways. Our single-molecule visualization techniques combined with image processing and further stochastic modeling show that these mRNA movements can be described by the combination of the thermodynamics principles and mitochondrial geometrical information, without the need to involve condition-specific regulatory proteins. This will serve as foundational work for a number of future directions including the mechanism of protein synthesis upregulation at the mitochondrial/ER surface and whether the geometric constraints of the cell impact mRNA localization in other species.
We will also introduce our preliminary results suggesting that mitochondrial morphology affects mRNA localization and this results in the heterogeneity of protein composition in each mitochondrial fragment in aged cells. Fragmented mitochondrial morphology is a hallmark of the dysfunction of mitochondrial activity and is observed in disease phenotypes. The heterogeneity of protein distribution was increased in mitochondrial fusion deficient fzo1∆, but not in the mitophagy deficient atg32∆. This indicates that cells repress heterogeneity of protein distribution mainly by maintaining mitochondrial fission-fusion reaction and not through the mitophagy pathway. This research lays the framework for a better understanding of how altered mitochondrial dynamics are detrimental to the physiology of the cell in aging.
嘉宾简介:
Dr. Tatsuhisa Tsuboi received his Ph. D from Tohoku University, Japan, on mechanism of No-Go Decay and Dom34. He did his post-doc works at University of California, Irvine on “Development of live cell imaging system for mRNA and mitochondria in S. cerevisiae”; and at University of California, San Diego on “mRNA localization and translation in S. cerevisiae”. He started his own lab at Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School in September. He is a world expert on Mitochondria structure and functions, especially using imaging methods.
本次讲座,生物方向的学生需要签到!